How are oil spills caused?

 Oil spills can have a devastating impact on the environment and wildlife, as well as on local economies that rely on tourism and fishing. These spills can be caused by a variety of factors, including accidents, natural disasters, and human activities.

One common cause of oil spills is accidents involving oil tankers, pipelines, and offshore drilling platforms. These accidents can be caused by a variety of factors, including human error, equipment failure, and extreme weather conditions. For example, a tanker may run aground or collide with another vessel, resulting in the release of oil into the water.

Another cause of oil spills is natural disasters, such as hurricanes, earthquakes, and tsunamis, which can damage oil infrastructure and cause spills. These disasters can also trigger landslides and mudslides, which can bury or damage pipelines, leading to spills.

Human activities can also contribute to oil spills. For example, illegal dumping of oil and other hazardous substances into the water can cause spills, as can the illegal tapping of pipelines. In addition, onshore oil and gas drilling and extraction can also result in spills if proper safety measures are not followed.

In summary, oil spills can be caused by a variety of factors, including accidents, natural disasters, and human activities. These spills can have serious consequences for the environment and local communities, and it is important to take steps to prevent them and to minimize their impact when they do occur.

In the short term, in case of pollution, we can do our best to restore the accident sea area environment and prevent the sea from being further polluted, with the strong self purification ability of the sea water itself, supplemented by artificial strengthening measures.

At present, the commonly used treatment and disposal methods for sudden major offshore oil leakage accidents can be divided into physical method, chemical method and biological method.

Chemical method is to spray chemical agents on the oil floating on the sea to change the dispersion state of oil and remove it.

Biological method is to throw a large number of specially cultivated and domesticated "oil decontamination microorganisms" into the oil polluted sea area, allowing these biological armies to swallow the leaked oil.

Physical method is divided into oil boom method, mechanical method and adsorption method. The oil containment boom method is to use the oil containment boom to limit the offshore oil layers, which can intercept, control and transfer the spilled oil, quickly and efficiently prevent the spread of oil, and reduce the pollution area; Mechanical method is to use skimmer to recover oil floating on the sea quickly and effectively; Adsorption method is to use lipophilic adsorption materials to make spilled oil stick to its surface and be adsorbed for recovery. After the oil leakage accident occurs, the physical method is generally adopted to deal with it at the first time.

Here is the contene list:

lApplication scope of oil containment boom.

lFunction of oil containment boom.

lBasic structure of oil containment boom.

Application scope of oil containment boom.

Portable oil containment booms are often used to prevent the spread of oil pollution in oil spills at sea and ports. It is composed of inflatable floating body, skirt, tension belt, counterweight chain, anchor parts, etc. it is fixed around the oily water surface that needs to be fenced with anchors. It can be divided into marine type, offshore type, port type and other types according to the use area, and has corresponding different technical data.

Function of oil containment boom

l overflow diversion.

After the oil spill accident, under the action of external factors, the oil spill will drift and spread at will. In order to facilitate the recovery operation or to dredge the oil spill flow to the designated place, especially in the area with turbulent river or near shore water flow, in order to effectively control the flow direction of the oil spill for recovery or to prevent the oil from entering the sensitive area, the oil containment fence is usually used to set an external defense according to the set angle. There are generally two situations for oil spill diversion. One is to arrange the floating boom for a long time, which is generally arranged at the water intake and power plant; Another situation is to set up Rubber oil boom near reefs, mainly when oil spills occur, temporarily set up pvc oil boom according to the specific situation, so as to realize the diversion of oil spills and lead the oil spills to areas that are easy to recover or other areas of non sensitive resources.

l prevent potential oil spills.

Preventing potential oil spills usually refers to placing oil containment boom in advance for oil spill prevention and control according to the local water conditions where oil spills may occur or there is an oil spill risk. This can prevent the spread of oil spills when oil spills really occur, and take recovery measures to recover the oil spills in the containment in time. When a ship carries out oil loading and unloading operations at the wharf or oil lightering at the anchorage, it is usually necessary to arrange an floating boom in advance according to the specified requirements for setting control; Sometimes, a grounded or sunken ship should be properly enclosed and controlled according to the actual situation before it is salvaged.

l oil spill containment and concentration.

After an oil spill accident, the oil spill will rapidly spread and drift under the influence of tide, wind and other external factors, forming a large area of pollution. When oil spills occur in open waters, inshore waters or ports, oil containment boom should be placed in time to control the spilled oil in diffusion in time. By dragging or narrowing the enclosure range through the oil containment booms, the oil film can be gathered to a smaller range for recycling, which can not only prevent the spread of oil spills, but also increase the thickness of oil film for recycling or other treatment.

 

Basic structure of oil containment boom

 

There are many kinds and forms of oil containment fence. But the basic structure is composed of floating body, skirt, tension belt, counterweight and joint.

Floating body: the part that provides buoyancy for the pvc silt curtain. Its function is to use air or buoyant materials to provide buoyancy for the oil boom, so that the oil boom can float on the water. The floating body can be placed inside or outside the surface of the oil boom.

Skirt: refers to the continuous part of the oil boom below the floating body. Its function is to prevent or reduce the escape of oil from under the oil boom. Tension belt: refers to a long belt component (chain, belt) that can withstand the horizontal tension applied to the oil boom. It is mainly used to bear the tension generated by wind, waves, currents and towing. 

Counterweight: ballast that enables the oil boom to sag and improve the performance of the oil boom, which can make the oil boom in an ideal state in water. Generally, it is made of steel or lead, or water is used as ballast.

Joint: a device permanently attached to the Rubberc oil fence to connect each section of the oil boom or other auxiliary facilities.

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